365 research outputs found
Community detection with spiking neural networks for neuromorphic hardware
We present results related to the performance of an algorithm for community
detection which incorporates event-driven computation. We define a mapping
which takes a graph G to a system of spiking neurons. Using a fully connected
spiking neuron system, with both inhibitory and excitatory synaptic
connections, the firing patterns of neurons within the same community can be
distinguished from firing patterns of neurons in different communities. On a
random graph with 128 vertices and known community structure we show that by
using binary decoding and a Hamming-distance based metric, individual
communities can be identified from spike train similarities. Using bipolar
decoding and finite rate thresholding, we verify that inhibitory connections
prevent the spread of spiking patterns.Comment: Conference paper presented at ORNL Neuromorphic Workshop 2017, 7
pages, 6 figure
Generation and measurement of surface plasmon coupled emission
Surface plasmon coupled emission (SPCE) is a process by which isotropic fluorescent emission, from a fluorescent dye or biological agent labeled with a fluorescent dye, is channeled into highly directional emission. This process relies on the interaction between fluorescent dye molecules and thin silver films in close proximity to each other. Recent studies have shown that SPCE greatly increases the sensitivity of spectroscopic methods by increasing the amount of light that can be collected from a fluorescent molecule. The work described in this thesis encompasses the study of new materials for SPCE sample manufacture as well as the design and construction of a compact, automated apparatus for SPCE measurement. Novel material sets have been explored to improve the adhesion of silver films to glass slides and to protect them against corrosion from the fluorescent dye coating. These sets are made with reactive gas sputtering of materials. Examples of the SPCE signals from these materials will be shown. The apparatus built to measure the angular distribution of SPCE signals measures 18 x12 x12 . Measurements of SPCE with angular resolutions as low as 0.5° are demonstrated with accurate, repeatable scans. With a 1.0° step size, a full angular scan through 180° can be completed in less than 5 minutes
Identifying overparameterization in Quantum Circuit Born Machines
In machine learning, overparameterization is associated with qualitative
changes in the empirical risk landscape, which can lead to more efficient
training dynamics. For many parameterized models used in statistical learning,
there exists a critical number of parameters, or model size, above which the
model is constructed and trained in the overparameterized regime. There are
many characteristics of overparameterized loss landscapes. The most significant
is the convergence of standard gradient descent to global or local minima of
low loss. In this work, we study the onset of overparameterization transitions
for quantum circuit Born machines, generative models that are trained using
non-adversarial gradient-based methods. We observe that bounds based on
numerical analysis are in general good lower bounds on the overparameterization
transition. However, bounds based on the quantum circuit's algebraic structure
are very loose upper bounds. Our results indicate that fully understanding the
trainability of these models remains an open question.Comment: 11 pages, 16 figure
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